A REMARKABLE SURGEON
IN HARM`S WAY
Eduardo C.
Gerding
Cnel James Michael Ryan OBE, OStJ
MB, BCh,
BAO(NUI),
MCh (NUI) (University College Dublin),
FRCS (Royal College of Surgeons of England),
Hon FRCEM (CEM) ( Fellow of the College of Emergency Medicine ),
DMCC (SoA) (Society of Apothecaries of London).
OBE (Officer, Order of the British Empire)
OStJ (Officer (Brother) of the Venerable Order of St John of Jerusalem).
MILITARY MEDALS/DECORATIONS:
- United Nations Medal-Cyprus (1973),
- General Service Medal-Operation Banner with NTH Ireland Clasp(1977),
- South Atlantic Medal Falkland Campaign with Rosette (1982),
- Queen´s Jubilee Medal (2002),
- Operational Service Medal-Operation Veritas with Afghanistan Clasp &
- Silver Rosette (2002),
- Volunteer Reserves Service Medal (2002) and
- 1st Clasp to VRSM (2007).
James Michael Ryan the son of Neil
Cornelius Ryan and Maura , was born on Sunday May 27th, 1945 in the
district of Moyne (An Mhaighin) Tipperary, Ireland. The population
of the parish in 1946 was 1712 (Darmody). The county (Contae Thiobraid Árann), situated in the Munster
province is named after the town of Tipperary, and was
established in the early thirteenth century, shortly after the Norman invasion of
Ireland. James was baptized in the parish church in the
village of Loughmore. Four years
after James was born, Éire was officially declared a republic following the Republic of Ireland
Act 1948.
He had one older brother Liam, now deceased (2012)
and 4 younger sisters, Mary, Kate, Bernadette and Grainne. Later the family
moved to the Dublin area and lived in Bray, a small town , partly in county
Dublin and partly in Co Wicklow. James attended St Brendans School (now St
Brendan's College) of the Congregation of Irish
Christian Brothers.
James and his brother were boarders at Rockwell College (Tipperary) (1960-63)
which had notable past pupils such as former Presidents of Ireland Éamon de
Valera and Dr Patrick Hillary and former Fianna Fáil Senator William Quirke.
In 1963 he started medical school at the biggest university in Ireland: University
College in Dublin (UCD). The university originates in a body founded in 1854
with John Henry Newman as the
first rector known as the Catholic University of Ireland. Many UCD staff, students and
alumni fought in the Irish War of Independence that followed the rising.
Following the signing of the Anglo-Irish Treaty four UCD graduates joined
the government
of the Irish Free State.
The
university's graduates have since had a large impact on Irish political life -
four of the nine Presidents of Ireland and six of the
thirteen Taoisigh have been either former
staff or graduates.
James Michael Ryan joined the British
Army in the middle of his undergraduate studies (1967). Initially he took a short service commission
of 5 years but stayed on for a full career, retiring in 1994.
In 1970 married to Paula , ended his undergraduate medical training and
applied for postgraduate studies (surgery) in London obtaining his FRCS in 1978.
James Michael Ryan qualified in 1970-The only medicine
Doctor in his family. (Kindly submitted by Dr. James Michael Ryan)
Dr. James Michael
Ryan´s medical experience before the conflict
In 1973 Dr. Ryan was appointed to
Cyprus as Regimental Medical Officer with 1st Bn The Parachute Regiment on
United Nations Duties. The following year to Kenya as Regimental Medical
Officer with 1st Bn The Parachute Regiment on Military & Humanitarian Assistance
duties. In 1974 he was Senior House Officer, Accident & Emergency at the
Cambridge Military Hospital and in 1975 in Burns &Plastics. Later he was
Senior House Officer in General Surgery, Neurosurgery and Orthopaedics at the Royal Herbert
Hospital, Woolwich (UK). In 1977/78 he was a Registrar in General Surgery,
British Military Hospital, Hannover (Germany). He was sent to Northern Ireland
where he had Surgical duties, MPH with 55 Field Surgical Team (FST).
In 1979 Senior Registrar, General
Surgery, British Hospital, Rinteln (Germany). In 1979/80 Senior Registrar,
General Surgery, The Hackney Hospital, London, Lecturer in Surgery,
Professorial Surgical Unit, St Bartholomew´s Hospital, London and a year before
the conflict was Senior Registrar, General Surgery at Cambridge Military
Hospital and St Peter´s Hospital, Chertsey (UK).
The 1982 conflict
In 1982 Ryan was Major and a senior
resident in surgery in his last year of training. He was called up for service with 55 FST (Field Surgical Team) and sent to the
islands, travelling on the QE 2(Queen
Elizabeth). They went first to
South Georgia and transhipped to a North Sea ferry called the Norland arriving in San Carlos water on
31 May. Ryan was at Ajax Bay, Fitzroy and Stanley with 55 FST.
The RFA Sir Galahad incident
RFA(Royal Fleet Auxiliary) Sir Galahad (L3005)
The RFA Sir Galahad incident
RFA(Royal Fleet Auxiliary) Sir Galahad (L3005)
The Sir Galahad was a 3,322-tonne LSL(Landing Ship Logistic) built by Alexander and Sons and launched in 1966. She could carry 340 troops or, when necessary, 534 for short periods. Cargo capacity could include 16 light tanks, 34 mixed vehicles, 122 tonnes of fuel and 31 tonnes of ammunition. Landing craft could be carried in place of lifeboats, but unloading was mainly handled by three onboard cranes. Sir Galahad sailed from HMNB Devonport on 6 April with 350 Royal Marines and entered San Carlos Water on 21 May.
The Bluff Cove air attack on RFA Sir Galahad 8 June 1982
On the 8 June 1982, while preparing to unload soldiers from the Welsh Guards in Port Pleasant, off Fitzroy, together with RFA Sir Tristram, the Sir Galahad was attacked by three A-4 Skyhawks from Argentine Air Force's V Brigada Aérea, each loaded with three 500 lb retarding tail bombs.
Lieutenant Carlos Eduardo Cachon(30) glanced at his instruments and opened the communication with the planes that had been left to his command. He repeated the orders and the squadron slid toward the islands. They had to fly high up and down almost flush with the water as soon as they were over the target. All in a very dangerous maneuver of just a few seconds.
Flying the Douglas Skyhawk A-4B C-222 (ex USN A-4B BuAer 142752) 6 he carried three 250-kilo bombs made in Argentina. They were the ones that were giving the best result.
Argentine Air
Force
Lieutenant Carlos Alfredo Rinke, Alferez Hugo Gómez and Ruben Vottero.
Kneeled:
Captain Pablo Marcos Carballo and First Lieutenant Carlos Eduardo Cachon.
https://www.google.com.ar/search?q=Carlos+Cachon+picture&rlz=1C1AWFA_enAR753AR753&tbm=isch&tbo=u&source=univ&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjZ5ue4oLzWAhUBS5AKHdBMCgQQ7AkIMQ&biw=1680&bih=919#imgrc=BrxhRM7kT3LnbM:
Note:
Cachon was born
in 1952 in a field near Balcarce. Fifteen years later his family moved to Mar
del Plata and he finished high school there. He was preparing to enter Medicine
in La Plata when a friend excited him to go to give the examination to the
aeronautical school of Córdoba. "I went because they paid the ticket
and wanted to know a different city," says Cachon. His friend was shocked
and he approved with very good grades. In 76 he became an aviator.Cachon was
awarded the honorific title of Illustrious
Citizen by the City Council of Mar del Plata on 25 February 2010.
Before they had tried with bombs of 500 and 1,000 kilos but were so
powerful that they crossed the warships and exploded in the water. It was
midmorning, and Cachon had been flying for nearly two hours. He had advanced
for several miles flush with the water and the salt clung to the hatch. Now he
was high enough to fall unexpectedly on the target, but he could not see the
ships for the salt and the thick fog that covered the bay. From another
aircraft comes the expected warning: ¨They
are there, on the right, one on each side of the peninsula! "
The two ships appeared among the gray clouds, Cachon gave the order:
three of the five planes would go over to the left and attack Sir Tristam. another of the Skyhawks
would launch their bombs at the Sir
Galahad.10
Welsh Infantry soldier Simon Weston (20) from Caerphilly District Miners Hospital in Caerphilly, Wales was ready.
He had his backpack loaded and was receiving the orders of a lieutenant: ¨We have to take the height of Sapper Hill to direct us to Port Stanley." At that moment he felt the first shake. The first bomb had hit the hatch but it exploded almost a kilometer away on the beach
Welsh Infantry soldier Simon Weston (20) from Caerphilly District Miners Hospital in Caerphilly, Wales was ready.
He had his backpack loaded and was receiving the orders of a lieutenant: ¨We have to take the height of Sapper Hill to direct us to Port Stanley." At that moment he felt the first shake. The first bomb had hit the hatch but it exploded almost a kilometer away on the beach
The second bomb of the first Argentine airplane had the same luck . Cachón
saw the action and decided to lower a little more to point directly to the
machine room sector of the ship.It was dangerous because was within reach of
the British artillery, but essential for the bombs to hit the target. Cachon
took the crank that releases the bombs and waited to be almost on Sir Galahad. 10
Cachon launched the first and second bombs almost at the same time. He
watched as they reached the bow and exploded on the deck. The third was
directly to the center of the ship, in the machine room zone. The explosive
head pierced the first deck and reached the second, where the soldiers were
ready to disembark. The explosion occurred directly on two trucks loaded with missile
fuel. In a second everything was red, yellow and boiling. "It became hell, it was blood, defense and fire, lots of blood
spilled," recalls Simon Weston. Cachon got up and did not know
anything else. From another plane they assured him that he had hit the ship,
but he could not see anything. He had to get away as soon as possible because
he was probably already on the plane radar British people approaching.
Sir Galahad survivor Steve
Dawkins from Caerau, near Maesteg, recalled how the vessel was hit by three
500lb bombs.16
Weston was hit by the fire. The heat was so intense that it melted the
sole of his boots. He tried to lift a wounded comrade, but he had no strength.
He had a good part of his body burned. Someone pushed him to the top
deck. Just remember that in a moment a helicopter appeared to rescue it. 10
Dr James Michael Ryan´s
description 8,12,13
A personal reflection from (Dr
Ryan)must include the bombing of the RFA logistic ships RFA Sir Tristam and Sir
Galahad which took place on the morning of the 8th of June. Sir Galahad,
carrying Welsh Guards rifle companies and elements of the 16 Field Ambulance
including the two surgical teams of 55 FST, arrived off Fitzroy settlement. The
ship should have anchored in Bluff Coves some 5 miles away but could not get up
the narrow cannel to the planned disembarkation beach. For reasons beyond this
review disembarkation at Fotzroy was delayed. Some elements of 16 Field Ambulance
including No 1 team of 55 FST (Major Jackson´s team)had got ashore but the
remaining troops including the author´s team (No 2 team 55 FST)stayed aboard.
It seems surreal now with the passage of 25 years. With the departure of 16
Field Ambulance and David Jackson´s team the author and a group of other
Officers retired to the Wardroom. Lunch was taken and the group stayed in the
Ward room comforted by tots of whiskey, hot cofee and a dubious movie on the
Ward room TV monitor. Sometime later and without warning(and the autor is still
uncertain about timings)Sir Galahad and Sir Tristam were bombed by a flight of
Argentinean fighter bombers. Chaos ensued those of us in the Ward room were
thrown from our seats by the explosions, we were uninjured but were now trapped
in a blacked out and smoked filled room. We were quickly rescued by a young
unnamed 2nd Lieutenant in the Welsh Guards who found a hatch behind the bar
which led out to a passageway going forward and out onto the open deck which
reasembled a melee. We quickly realised that a very large number of our
comrades had been killed and a greater number wounded most of them on the tank
deck which had taken a direct hit. Others taking the air out in the open were
also killed. Among the dead was Major Roger Nutcam, second in command of 16
Field Ambulance, Lt Col Jim Anderson, officer commanding 55 FST and
anaesthesist with no 2 team had also been outside and was badly injured. All
the FST equipment, along with much of 16 Field Ambulance´s stores wasdestroyed.
The ship was abandoned, many, including the author, clambered into dinghies and
life boats. Others were winched directly off the ship by helicopters hovering
over the deck. These pilots and crews displayed extreme gallantry the ship was
on fire and exploding ammunition was propelled skywards towards the rescuing
helicopters. The survivor came ashore at Fitzroy and were cared for by those
already ashore.The author well remembers being sheltered by WO2 Les Viner RAMC
under a mound of peat smoking his cigarrette and drinking whiskey from his
wáter bottle. For a time at least, the autor while safe and well was incapable
of direct assistance to the on-going rescue effort. In concluding this episode
it is interesting to reflecto n the accuracy of books reporting historical
events even those written during or shortly after the event. The author has a
book entitled ¨The Scars of War¨ by Hugh McManners, a friend from the
conflicto. In describing the Sir Galahad episode(which was related to him by
someone who was in the USA at the time of the attack!).Hugh switches David
Jackson´s team and the author placing the author ashore during the attack and
with Jackson still on board at the time the reverse of which actualy happened.
It makes one cautious about veracity and accuracy when persuing historical works.
www.google.com.ar/search?q=Foto+Weston+y+Cachon&rlz=1C1AWFA_enAR753AR753&tbm=isch&imgil=UIPmqFksBn7oeM%253A%253BSzcRtSplwD-x2M%253Bhttp%25253A%25252F%25252Fwww.fotolog.com%25252Fmalvian
There are differences that distinguish veterans A-4 B and C from each other. For example in C the engine is somewhat more powerful, 103% against 100% of B. The C has a different system of artificial horizon, has two more affinities (subalars) for cargo of war material, the oxygen tank in the C has a capacity of 10 Liters against the 5 of the B. Outwardly, at a glance they are distinguished by the type of painting.2,15
There are differences that distinguish veterans A-4 B and C from each other. For example in C the engine is somewhat more powerful, 103% against 100% of B. The C has a different system of artificial horizon, has two more affinities (subalars) for cargo of war material, the oxygen tank in the C has a capacity of 10 Liters against the 5 of the B. Outwardly, at a glance they are distinguished by the type of painting.2,15
www.google.com.ar/search?q=RFA+Sir+Galahad+picture&rlz=1C1AWFA_enAR753AR753&tbm=isch&imgil=OJfHlTlljyVIQM%253A%253BMOGXbA8HYFTJ3M%253Bhttp%25253A%25252F%25252Fwww.bbc.co.uk%25252Fnews%25
On 21 June, the hulk was towed out to sea by the R.M.A.S Tug Typhoon and sunk by HMS Onyx; it is now an official war grave, designated as a protected place under the Protection of Military Remains Act. The casualties Fifty six people died including Welsh Guards, three RFA officers and two Chinese crews and 150 wounded. 4,5,7 Hongkongers Leung Chau (an electrical fitter) and Sung Yuk-fai (a butcher), perished among the flames, explosions and toxic smoke that quickly engulfed the decks. Add to the tally two Hong Kong men - seaman Yeung Shui-kam and bosun Yu Sik-chi - who died on RMA Sir Tristram in the same bombing run, and this becomes the highest death count suffered by British forces from a single attack during the 11-week war.
Sir Galahad´s captain, Philip Roberts
waited until the last minute to abandon ship and was the last to leave
He was subsequently awarded the DSO for his leadership and courage.
One of only two awarded after the Second World War to the Merchant Navy.5
http://www.bournemouthecho.co.uk/news/8413813.Falklands_hero_s_courage_under_fire/
waited until the last minute to abandon ship and was the last to leave
He was subsequently awarded the DSO for his leadership and courage.
One of only two awarded after the Second World War to the Merchant Navy.5
http://www.bournemouthecho.co.uk/news/8413813.Falklands_hero_s_courage_under_fire/
The ship's cook Cheung San-fan, originally from Hainan Island,spoke
about his trauma, though to a smaller audience. His is a tale of acute poverty
and includes claims of unfair treatment and neglect he says he has suffered
since the end of the war. He readily accepted the surgery offered to improve
the disfigurement to his face, hands and legs because he feared the community's
reaction to his appearance - a fear that turned out to be justified. Of the 10
Chinese crew injured, Cheung suffered the most.
14
Chiu Yiu-Nam
(born 1949), from Guangdong province, mainland
China, a seaman on RFA Sir
Galahad realised that there were soldiers
trapped inside. Wearing a protective asbestos suit, he fought his way through
the smoke and flames into the bowels of the ship, where he was confronted by
scenes of confusion and devastation. After leading out one man, he went back
for another. He continued to return, bringing men to safety until he realised
that there was no one left alive. Only then did he obey the order to abandon
ship.
In 1983, he agreed to fly from Hong Kong to London, where the Queen
invested him with the George Medal . He retired from the RFA in 1989 for health reasons, and lived quietly
with his mother and younger brother in Hong Kong. He declined an invitation to
fly to London for the 25th anniversary of the Falklands conflict.
Locally-entered seamen like Chiu do not receive pensions, and when he
died he was dependent on monthly financial assistance from the Hong Kong
government. His cremation on February 242012
was paid for by the Hong Kong and China branch of the Royal British
Legion. 3
Simon Weston
suffered 46 per cent burns and his story has been widely reported in
television and newspaper coverage. Weston
endured years of reconstructive surgery, including over 70 major operations or
surgical procedures. Skin from his shoulders was used to make eyelids and his
nose was grafted on in a later operation. He suffered psychological trauma,
drinking heavily and becoming suicidal, and admits his behaviour during this
time was "terrible".
He credits his mother with helping him to overcome this, in particular,
her act of reuniting him with his old regiment, who refused to mollycoddle him
(especially Glen White, who ran the Welsh Guards rugby side), forced him to "face up to the unavoidable and to be
positive about everything including especially my future".
Weston has met and become friends with First Lieutenant Carlos Cachon,
the Argentine pilot who dropped the bomb which caused his injuries. 11
To 35 years of
the war, Weston, assured that maintains a relation of friendship with the first
lieutenant Carlos Cachón. The Welsh solider said that "the Argentine pilot was with him since then
and they are still very good friends". In a dialogue with the local
magazine Radio Times, he said: "We shared a fraction of a second in
time, our countries were at war and after talking to him, he told me that he
did not know that there were so many people on the boat. He had the uniform of his
country and he was very good in his work ". 9
Sir
Galahad´s captain, Philip Roberts waited until the last minute to abandon ship
and was the last to leave He was subsequently awarded the DSO for his
leadership and courage. One of only
two awarded after the Second World War to the Merchant Navy.5
The ship's cook Cheung San-fan, originally from Hainan Island,spoke
about his trauma, though to a smaller audience. His is a tale of acute poverty
and includes claims of unfair treatment and neglect he says he has suffered
since the end of the war. He readily accepted the surgery offered to improve
the disfigurement to his face, hands and legs because he feared the community's
reaction to his appearance - a fear that turned out to be justified. Of the 10
Chinese crew injured, Cheung suffered the most.
14
Chiu Yiu-Nam
(born 1949), from Guangdong province, mainland
China, a seaman on RFA Sir
Galahad realised that there were soldiers
trapped inside. Wearing a protective asbestos suit, he fought his way through
the smoke and flames into the bowels of the ship, where he was confronted by
scenes of confusion and devastation. After leading out one man, he went back
for another. He continued to return, bringing men to safety until he realised
that there was no one left alive. Only then did he obey the order to abandon
ship.
In 1983, he agreed to fly from Hong Kong to London, where the Queen
invested him with the George Medal . He retired from the RFA in 1989 for health reasons, and lived quietly
with his mother and younger brother in Hong Kong. He declined an invitation to
fly to London for the 25th anniversary of the Falklands conflict.
Locally-entered seamen like Chiu do not receive pensions, and when he
died he was dependent on monthly financial assistance from the Hong Kong
government. His cremation on February 242012
was paid for by the Hong Kong and China branch of the Royal British
Legion. 3
Simon Weston
suffered 46 per cent burns and his story has been widely reported in
television and newspaper coverage. Weston
endured years of reconstructive surgery, including over 70 major operations or
surgical procedures. Skin from his shoulders was used to make eyelids and his
nose was grafted on in a later operation. He suffered psychological trauma,
drinking heavily and becoming suicidal, and admits his behaviour during this
time was "terrible".
He credits his mother with helping him to overcome this, in particular,
her act of reuniting him with his old regiment, who refused to mollycoddle him
(especially Glen White, who ran the Welsh Guards rugby side), forced him to "face up to the unavoidable and to be
positive about everything including especially my future".
Weston has met and become friends with First Lieutenant Carlos Cachon,
the Argentine pilot who dropped the bomb which caused his injuries. 11
To 35 years of
the war, Weston, assured that maintains a relation of friendship with the first
lieutenant Carlos Cachón. The Welsh solider said that "the Argentine pilot was with him since then
and they are still very good friends". In a dialogue with the local
magazine Radio Times, he said: "We shared a fraction of a second in
time, our countries were at war and after talking to him, he told me that he
did not know that there were so many people on the boat. the uniform of his
country and he was very good in his work ". 9
Sir Galahad's bell in The Falkland Islands Memorial Chapel, Pangbourne, Berks
Dr. Ryan´s later assignments
- Northern Ireland - 1983 Surgical duties, MPH with 56 FST
- Nepal - 1984,85,86 Surgeon at BMH Dharan - Assistance to Gurkha pensioners & villagers in East Nepal
- Bosnia-Herzegovina – UN Humanitarian Mission 1993 Surgical duties, MST Bravo at Vitez
- Falkland Islands - 1994 Advanced Trauma Life Support & Major Incident Training- KEMH, Stanley
- Azerbaijan - 1996 Conflict Assessment Visits
- Azerbaijan - 1997 Conflict Recovery Programme
- Falkland Islands - 1998 Advanced Trauma Life Support & Major Incident Training - KEMH, Stanley
- Azerbaijan - 1998-99 Fast Track Surgical Referral Programme
- Bosnia-Herzegovina – (Tuzla) - 1999 Land mine survivors study (with LSN)
- Kosovo – Post NATO invasion 1999 Assistance to University Hospital Prishtina (with DFID)
- Kosovo - 2000 Assistance to University Hospital Prishtina (with DFID)
- Falkland Islands – 2000 Advisor in surgery and trauma to Falkland Islands Government.
- Bosnia Herzogovina – (Sarajevo) – 2001 DDH & Wound sepsis studies (LCC & IDEALS)
- India (Ahmebad) – December 2001 Trauma Life Support Training – (IATSIC)
- Afghanistan (Kabul)– March – April 2002 Assessment of Kabul Hospitals (LCC & ISAF)
- South Africa – August - September 2003 Capability/capacity assessment of mine hospitals – (Rand Mutual)
- Iraq – October – November 2003 Health Assessment Basrah Province (LCC & CPA Iraq)
- Afghanistan (Kabul & Mazar e Sharif) – January 2004 Health Needs Assessment (Provincial Reconstruction Teams & ISAF Coalition|)
- Iraq (Shaibah/Basrah)– April 2004 Maternal and child health assessment & MOET courses (multi-agency) – phase 1
- Iraq (Shaibah/Basrah) – June 2004 Maternal and child health assessment & MOET Courses – phase 2
- Sri Lanka – January 2005 Post Tsunami health needs assessment
- Sri Lanka – January 2006 RCS Sponsored visit – Trauma training
- Pakistan – October 2005 Post earthquake health needs assessment
- Sierra Leone – October 2006 Capability/capacity assessment – hospitals in Freetown
- The Philippines – November 2006 (Joint Soc of Apothecaries & USUHS sponsorship) Inaugural DMCC examinations - Manila
- Sierra Leone – August 2008 WHO sponsored surgical training mission- Freetown & BO
- Argentina –Buenos Aires & Cordoba November 2016 Improving continuing care and rehabilitation for war injured veterans of Malvinas/Falkands War of 1982
James Michael and Paula have 3 children (now
adults) David 45 years old. Emma 42 years old and Rebecca 38 years old.
London 2017-Dr James Michael
Ryan and the author.
Acknowledgments
Margaret O´Sullivan and Mary Guinan Darmody, Tipperary Studies, Tipperary County Council , Library
Service, The Source,Thurles,Co. Tipperary (Ireland)
Bibliography
- BBC News-UK:Wales-Weston on war: There are no winners-Nov 8, 1999. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/wales/505108.stm
- Carballo, Pablo-Dios y los Halcones- Editorial Revista Siete Dias.I.S.B.N : 987963361X
- Chi Yiu Nam-Obituary-The Telegraph-07 Mar 2012 http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/9129584/Chiu-Yiu-Nam.html
- Crew of RFA Sir Galahad- http://www.family-announcements.co.uk/localworld/view/1425323/crew-of-rfa-sir-galahad
- Eckersall, Faith-Falklands hero´s courage under fire-25th September 2010 http://www.bournemouthecho.co.uk/news/8413813.Falklands_hero_s_courage_under_fire/
- El Tordillo-Un avión A4B Skyhawk famoso- https://www.facebook.com/notes/fuerza-a%C3%A9rea-argentina/el-tordillo-un-avi%C3%B3n-a-4b-skyhawk-famoso/790523804311783/
- Hickman, Kennedy-Learn about the Falklands war-ThoughtCo.Aug 7,2017. https://www.thoughtco.com/the-falklands-war-an-overview-2360852
- Jackson, DS, Batty, CG, Ryan JM, McGreggor WSP-The Falklands War-Army Field Surgical Experience. J R Army Med Corps 153(1):23-24.
- Malvinas: La historia de amistad entre un soldado británico y el argentino que bombardeo su buque-Noticias 2 de abril 2017. http://telefenoticias.com.ar/actualidad/malvinas-la-historia-de-amistad-entre-un-soldado-britanico-y-el-argentino-que-bombardeo-su-buque/
- Malvinas vidas cruzadas, vidas paralelas-El que arrojó la bomba y el que recibió el impacto. Clarín- Domingo 8 de abril 2007.
- Rix, Juliet-Just another dad-The Guardian, 2 Jun 2007
- Ryan, JM-A personal reflection on the Falkland Islands war of 1982-J R Army Med Corps 2007 ; 153:88-91.
- Ryan JM-Commentary on the Falklands War-Army Field Surgical Experience-Ann R Coll Surg Eng 1983 ;65: 281-5
- Simpson, Peter-The war within-South China Morning Post-10 June 2007 http://www.scmp.com/article/596179/war-within
- Vivencias, recuerdos y experiencias de un piloto de combate-Defensa Nacional y del Mundo-Entrevista al Capitán (RE)Carlos Cachon- http://defensanacional.argentinaforo.net/t2049-carlos-cachon-vivencias-recuerdos-y-experiencias-de-un-piloto-de-combate
- Williamson, David-Chilling account of Sir Galahad attack reveals soldiers should have left ship –WalesOnline-28 Dec 2012.
- http://www.walesonline.co.uk/news/wales-news/chilling-account-sir-galahad-attack-2015148
